In Chinese, Top-Level Design 顶层设计 (Static) or Strategic Plan 战略部署 (In Execution).
The structure and intent of Digital China can be outlined and described using the familiar “ends, ways, and means” nomenclature from Western strategy construction, a framework also familiar to Chinese scholars who study grand strategy. Digital China’s success will be ultimately measured against its ability to meet the strategy’s highest order “ends” (goals or objectives) through the effective implementation of its “ways” (courses of action) using the “means” (resource requirements) made available to it. See, David Dorman and John Hemmings, “Digital China: The Strategy and Its Geopolitical Implications,” Issues and Insights, February 21, 2023.
